The Reserve

The Reserve is the foundation that supports the uWatt. It consists of operational clean energy projects whose ownership has been transferred to the Protocol via pWatts. These assets form a continuously growing, income-generating pool that backs the value of the uWatt and enables it to function as a stable, yield-bearing digital asset.

Formation of the Reserve

The Reserve is built through the contribution of pWatts by participants who hold tokens from operational projects. When a pWatt holder chooses to transfer ownership of their tokens to the Reserve, they receive newly minted uWatts in return. This process is permissionless and governed by smart contracts, which ensure transparent and fair value exchange.

Only fully operational projects are eligible for inclusion in the Reserve. The number of uWatts issued in exchange for contributed pWatts is determined based on the Net Present Value (NPV) of the project’s projected cash flows. This mechanism ensures that the Reserve reflects the true economic value of the clean energy infrastructure it contains, while also incentivizing early contributors—since projects typically appreciate in value once they begin generating revenue.

Governance and Structure

The Reserve is non-custodial and managed entirely by smart contracts. Once pWatts are contributed, they are held by the Protocol on-chain, and their associated income flows into a shared pool. From that point forward, the contributor no longer receives project-specific returns but instead gains access to the Reserve’s aggregated yield through their uWatt holdings.

This structure enables the Reserve to act as a risk-diversified collateral base, decoupled from the performance of any single project. It transforms fragmented, illiquid infrastructure into a unified financial layer that supports broader market participation.

Depreciation and Sustainability

Since clean energy projects have finite operational lifespans, the Protocol incorporates a depreciation compensation mechanism to ensure the Reserve maintains its value over time. A portion of the income generated by the Reserve is reinvested into acquiring new pWatts, replacing the value of aging or depreciating assets.

This creates a self-sustaining cycle: the Reserve generates income, part of which funds new projects, which then enter the Reserve and contribute to future income. This mechanism ensures that the uWatt remains backed by a robust and evolving portfolio of clean energy infrastructure.

Strategic Value

The Reserve is what enables Suno’s liquidity layer. It abstracts the complexity and specificity of individual energy projects into a stable, transparent asset pool. This model allows the Protocol to offer a liquid, energy-backed token—the uWatt—that not only preserves capital but also distributes rewards based on tangible, real-world energy production.

By continually onboarding new assets, offsetting depreciation, and decentralizing revenue flows, the Reserve transforms clean energy infrastructure into a composable, scalable foundation for climate-aligned finance.